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MK2069-03GI Datasheet(PDF) 9 Page - Integrated Circuit Systems |
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MK2069-03GI Datasheet(HTML) 9 Page - Integrated Circuit Systems |
9 / 19 page VCXO-Based Clock Translator with High Multiplication MDS 2069-03 I 9 Revision 050203 Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc. l 525 Race Street, San Jose, CA 95126 l tel (408) 295-9800 l www.icst.com MK2069-03 Input Phase Compensation Circuit The VCXO PLL includes a special input clock phase compensation circuit. It is used when changing the phase of the input clock, which might occur when selecting a new reference input through the use of an external clock multiplexer. The phase compensation circuit allows the VCXO PLL to quickly lock to the new input clock phase without producing extra clock cycles or clock wander, assuming the new clock is at the same frequency. Input pin CLR controls the phase compensation circuit. CLR must remain high for normal operation. When used in conjunction with an external multiplexer (MUX), CLR should be brought low prior to MUX reselection, then returned high after MUX reselection. This prevents the VCXO PLL from attempting to lock to the new input clock phase associated with the input clock. When CLR is high, the VCXO PLL operates normally. When CLR is low, the VCXO PLL charge pump output is inactivated which means that no charge pump correction pulses are provided to the loop filter. During this time, the VCXO frequency is held constant by the residual charge or voltage on the PLL loop filter, regardless of the input clock condition. However, the VCXO frequency will drift over time, eventually to the minimum pull range of the crystal, due to leak-off of the loop filter charge. This means that CLR can provide a holdover function, but only for a very short duration, typically in milliseconds. Upon bringing CLR high, the FV divider is reset and begins counting with the first positive edge of the new input clock, and the charge pump is re-activated (FPV is not reset). By resetting the FV Divider, the memory of the previous input clock phase is removed from this feedback divider, eliminating the generation of extra VCLK clock cycles that would occur if the loop was to re-lock under normal means. Lock time is also reduced, as is the generation of clock wander. By using CLR in this fashion VCLK will align to the input clock phase with only one or two VCLK cycle slips resulting. When CLR is not used, the number of VCLK cycle slips can be as high the FV Divider value. TCLK is always locked to VCLK regardless of the state of the CLR input. Lock Detection The MK2069-03 includes a lock detection feature that indicates lock status of VCLK relative to the selected input reference clock. When phase lock is achieved (such as following power-up), the LD output goes high. When phase lock is lost (such as when the input clock stops, drifts beyond the pullable range of the crystal, or suddenly shifts in phase), the LD output goes low. The definition of a “locked” condition is determined by the user. LD is high when the VCXO PLL phase detector error is below the user-defined threshold. This threshold is set by external components RLD and CLD shown in the Lock Detection Circuit Diagram, below. To help guard against false lock indications, the LD pin will go high only when the phase error is below the set threshold for 8 consecutive phase detector cycles. The LD pin will go low when the phase error is above the set threshold for only 1 phase detector cycle. The lock detector threshold (phase error) is determined by the following relationship: (LD Threshold) = 0.6 x R x C Where: 1 k Ω < R < 1 MΩ (to avoid excessive noise or leakage) C > 50 pF (to avoid excessive error due to stray capacitance, which can be as much as 10 pF including Cin of LDC) Lock Detector Application example: The desired maximum allowable loop phase error for a generated 19.44MHz clock is 100UI which is 5.1 µs. Solution: 5.1 µs = (0.001 µf) x (8.5 kΩ) Under ideal conditions, where the VCXO is phase- locked to a low-jitter reference input, loop phase error is typically maintained to within a few nanoseconds. |
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