S3031B datasheet(2/26 Pages) AMCC

Part #	S3031B

Description	E4/STM-1/OC-3 ATM TRANSCEIVER

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Manufacturer	AMCC [Applied Micro Circuits Corporation]

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S3031B

E4/STM-1/OC-3 ATM TRANSCEIVER

August 19, 1999 / Revision D

SONET/SDH OVERVIEW

Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) is a standard

for connecting one fiber system to another at the op-

tical level. SONET, together with the Synchronous

Digital Hierarchy (SDH) administered by the ITU-T,

form a single international standard for fiber intercon-

nect between telephone networks of different coun-

tries. SONET is capable of accommodating a variety

of transmission rates and applications.

The SONET standard is a layered protocol with four

separate layers defined. These are:

• Photonic

• Section

• Line

• Path

Figure 2 shows the layers and their functions. Each

of the layers has overhead bandwidth dedicated to

administration and maintenance. The photonic layer

simply handles the conversion from electrical to opti-

cal and back with no overhead. It is responsible for

transmitting the electrical signals in optical form over

the physical media. The section layer handles the

transport of the framed electrical signals across the

optical cable from one end to the next. Key functions

of this layer are framing, scrambling, and error moni-

toring. The line layer is responsible for the reliable

transmission of the path layer information stream

carrying voice, data, and video signals. Its main func-

tions are synchronization, multiplexing, and reliable

transport. The path layer is responsible for the actual

transport of services at the appropriate signaling rates.

Data Rates and Signal Hierarchy

Table 1 contains the data rates and signal designa-

tions of the SONET hierarchy. The lowest level is the

basic SONET signal referred to as the synchronous

transport signal level-1 (STS-1). An STS-

N signal is

made up of

N byte-interleaved STS-1 signals. The

optical counterpart of each STS-

N signal is an optical

carrier level-

N signal (OC-N). The S3031B supports

OC-3 rates (155.52 Mbps).

Frame and Byte Boundary Detection

The SONET/SDH fundamental frame format for STS-3

consists of nine transport overhead bytes followed by

Synchronous Payload Envelope (SPE) bytes. This pat-

tern of 9 overhead and 261 SPE bytes is repeated

nine times in each frame. Frame and byte boundaries

are detected using the A1 and A2 bytes found in the

transport overhead. (See Figure 3.)

For more details on SONET operations, refer to the

Bellcore SONET standard document.

Elec.

ITU-T

Optical Data Rate (Mbps)

STS-1

OC-1

51.84

STS-3

STM-1

OC-3

155.52

STS-12

STM-4

OC-12

622.08

STS-24

OC-24

1244.16

STS-48

STM-16

OC-48

2488.32

Table 1. SONET Signal Hierarchy

9

Rows

9 x 261 =

2349 bytes

Transport Overhead

Synchronous Payload

Envelope

9 Columns

261 Columns

125

µsec

1

A

1

A

1

A

2

A

2

A

2

A0

J0

Z0

Z

1

B*

*

1

E*

*

1

F*

*

1

D*

*

2

D*

*

3

D*

*

1

H1

H2

H3

H

2

B2

B1

K*

*

2

K*

*

4

D*

*

5

D*

*

6

D*

*

7

D*

*

8

D*

*

9

D*

*

0

1

D*

*

1

D*

*

2

1

D*

*

1

S1

Z1

Z2

Z1

M2

E*

*

Figure 3. STS-3/OC Frame Format

Figure 2. SONET Structure

0 bps

End Equipment

Payload to

SPE mapping

Maintenance,

protection,

switching

Optical

transmission

Scrambling,

framing

Fiber Cable

End Equipment

Section layer

Photonic layer

Line layer

Path layer

Section layer

Photonic layer

Line layer

Layer Overhead

(Embedded Ops

Channel)

Functions

576 Kbps

192 Kbps

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