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FM25C160 Datasheet(PDF) 3 Page - Ramtron International Corporation |
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FM25C160 Datasheet(HTML) 3 Page - Ramtron International Corporation |
3 / 13 page FM25C160 - Automotive Temp. Rev. 3.1 July 2007 Page 3 of 13 Overview The FM25C160 is a serial FRAM memory. The memory array is logically organized as 2,048 x 8 and is accessed using an industry standard Serial Peripheral Interface or SPI bus. Functional operation of the FRAM is similar to serial EEPROMs. The major difference between the FM25C160 and a serial EEPROM with the same pin-out relates to its superior write performance. It also differs from Ramtron’s 25160 by supporting SPI mode 3 and the industry standard 16-bit addressing protocol. This makes the FM25C160 a drop-in replacement for most 16Kb SPI EEPROMs that support modes 0 & 3. Memory Architecture When accessing the FM25C160, the user addresses 2,048 locations each with 8 data bits. These data bits are shifted serially. The addresses are accessed using the SPI protocol, which includes a chip select (to permit multiple devices on the bus), an op-code and a two-byte address. The upper 5 bits of the address range are ‘don’t care’ values. The complete address of 11-bits specifies each byte address uniquely. Most functions of the FM25C160 either are controlled by the SPI interface or are handled automatically by on-board circuitry. The access time for memory operation essentially is zero, beyond the time needed for the serial protocol. That is, the memory is read or written at the speed of the SPI bus. Unlike an EEPROM, it is not necessary to poll the device for a ready condition since writes occur at bus speed. That is, by the time a new bus transaction can be shifted into the part, a write operation will be complete. This is explained in more detail in the interface section below. Users expect several obvious system benefits from the FM25C160 due to its fast write cycle and high endurance as compared with EEPROM. However there are less obvious benefits as well. For example in a high noise environment, the fast-write operation is less susceptible to corruption than an EEPROM since it is completed quickly. By contrast, an EEPROM requiring milliseconds to write is vulnerable to noise during much of the cycle. Note: The FM25C160 contains no power management circuits other than a simple internal power-on reset. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that VDD is within data sheet tolerances to prevent incorrect operation. It is recommended that the part is not powered down with chip enable active. Serial Peripheral Interface – SPI Bus The FM25C160 employs a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus. It is specified to operate at speeds up to 15 MHz. This high-speed serial bus provides high performance serial communication to a host microcontroller. Many common microcontrollers have hardware SPI ports allowing a direct interface. It is quite simple to emulate the port using ordinary port pins for microcontrollers that do not. The FM25C160 operates in SPI Mode 0 and 3. The SPI interface uses a total of four pins: clock, data-in, data-out, and chip select. A typical system configuration uses one or more FM25C160 devices with a microcontroller that has a dedicated SPI port, as Figure 2 illustrates. Note that the clock, data-in, and data-out pins are common among all devices. The Chip Select and Hold pins must be driven separately for each FM25C160 device. For a microcontroller that has no dedicated SPI bus, a general purpose port may be used. To reduce hardware resources on the controller, it is possible to connect the two data pins (SI, SO) together and tie off (high) the Hold pin. Figure 3 shows a configuration that uses only three pins. Protocol Overview The SPI interface is a synchronous serial interface using clock and data lines. It is intended to support multiple devices on the bus. Each device is activated using a chip select. Once chip select is activated by the bus master, the FM25C160 will begin monitoring the clock and data lines. The relationship between the falling edge of /CS, the clock and data is dictated by the SPI mode. The device will make a determination of the SPI mode on the falling edge of each chip select. While there are four such modes, the FM25C160 supports modes 0 and 3. Figure 4 shows the required signal relationships for modes 0 and 3. For both modes, data is clocked into the FM25C160 on the rising edge of SCK and data is expected on the first rising edge after /CS goes active. If the clock begins from a high state, it will fall prior to beginning data transfer in order to create the first rising edge. The SPI protocol is controlled by op-codes. These op-codes specify the commands to the part. After /CS is activated the first byte transferred from the bus master is the op-code. Following the op-code, any addresses and data are then transferred. Note that the WREN and WRDI op-codes are commands with no subsequent data transfer. Important: The /CS pin must go inactive after an operation is complete and before a new op-code can be issued. There is one valid op-code only per active chip select. |
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Similar Description - FM25C160 |
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