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MIC2131-1YML Datasheet(PDF) 9 Page - Micrel Semiconductor |
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MIC2131-1YML Datasheet(HTML) 9 Page - Micrel Semiconductor |
9 / 20 page Micrel, Inc. MIC2130/1 April 2008 9 M9999-042108-C Theory of Operation A voltage divider monitors the output voltage of the converter then sensed at the inverting input of the error amplifier. The non-inverting input of the error amplifier is connected to the internal 0.7V reference and the two inputs are compared to produce an analog error voltage. This error voltage is then fed into the non-inverting input of the PWM comparator and compared to the voltage ramp (1.1V to 2.1V) to create the PWM pulses. The PWM pulses propagate through to the MOSFET drivers which drive the external MOSFETs to create the power switching waveform at the set D (duty cycle). This is then filtered by a power inductor and low ESR capacitor to produce the output voltage where VOUT ≈ D*VIN. As an example, due to a load increase or an input voltage drop, the output voltage will instantaneously drop. This will cause the error voltage to rise, resulting in wider pulses at the output of the PWM comparator. The higher Duty Cycle power switching waveform will cause an associated rise in output voltage and will continue to rise until the feedback voltage is equal to the reference and the loop is again in equilibrium. As with any control system, it is necessary to compensate this feedback loop (by selecting the R and C values at the comp pin) in order to keep the system stable. One of the tradeoffs for stability is reduced transient regulation performance. However, the MIC2130/31 has an additional feature to correct this problem. The MIC2130/31 family features a fast hysteretic control loop (FHyCL) which bypasses the gm amp and the feedback compensation network during fast line and load transients. The fast hysteretic control loop (FHyCL) operates during large transients to provide excellent line and load regulation. Hysteretic mode is invoked when the output voltage is detected to be ±6% of its regulated value. If the input voltage step or output load step is large enough to cause a 6% deviation in VOUT, then the additional hysteretic control loop functions to return the output voltage to its nominal set point in the fastest time possible. This is limited only by the time constant of the power inductor and output capacitor (an order of magnitude faster than the gm loop). This scheme is not used during normal operation because it creates switching waveforms whose frequency is dependant on VIN, passive component values and load current. Due to its large noise spectrum it is only used during surges to keep switching noise at a known, fixed frequency. Figure 2. Hysteric Block Diagram Figure 3. Hysteric Waveforms Soft Start Figure 4. Soft Start Circuit |
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