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IQ32018HPC55NRS Datasheet(PDF) 8 Page - SynQor Worldwide Headquarters

Part # IQ32018HPC55NRS
Description  Half-brick DC-DC Converter
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Manufacturer  SYNQOR [SynQor Worldwide Headquarters]
Direct Link  http://www.synqor.com
Logo SYNQOR - SynQor Worldwide Headquarters

IQ32018HPC55NRS Datasheet(HTML) 8 Page - SynQor Worldwide Headquarters

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Technical
Specification
IQ32-HPC Family
Product # IQ32xxxHPCxx
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-005H332 Rev. 1
08/13/08
Page 8
PRELIMINARY
Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin.
Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry
BASICOPERATIONANDFEATURES
This converter series uses a two-stage power conversion
topology. The first stage is a buck-converter that keeps the
output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and
temperature. The second stage uses a transformer to provide
the functions of input/output isolation and voltage step-up or
step-down to achieve the output voltage required.
Both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed
frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of
the transformer’s output is accomplished with synchronous
rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low
on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky
diodes. This is the primary reason that the converter has such
high efficiency, even at very low output voltages and very high
output currents.
These converters are offered totally encased to withstand harsh
environmentsandthermallydemandingapplications.Dissipation
throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a
heatsink for operation in many applications; however, adding
a heatsink provides improved thermal derating performance in
extreme situations.
This series of converters use the industry standard footprint and
pin-out configuration.
CONTROLFEATURES
ReMOTe On/OFF (Pin 2):TheON/OFFinput,Pin2,permits
the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input
is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-).
TheON/OFFsignalisactivelow(meaningthatalowturnsthe
converteron).FigureAdetailsfourpossiblecircuitsfordriving
theON/OFFpin.FigureBisadetailedlookoftheinternalON/
OFFcircuitry.
ReMOTe SenSe(+) (Pins 7 and 5): The SENSE(+) inputs
correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the
converter’soutputpinstotheload.
Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be
connectedtoVout(-)atthepointontheboardwhereregulation
is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a
voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet,
that is
[Vout(+)-Vout(-)][Vsense(+)-Vsense(-)] <
SenseRange%xVout
Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of
the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the
converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher
than its specified value.
Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the
voltage across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when
it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense
leads(pins7and5).Therefore,theresistivedropontheboard
should be small enough so that output OVP does not trigger,
even during load transients.
OpenCollectorEnableCircuit
RemoteEnableCircuit
DirectLogicDrive
NegativeLogic
(PermanentlyEnabled)
ON/OFF
Vin(_
)
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
Vin(_
)
ON/OFF
5V
TTL/
CMOS
Vin(_
)
Vin(_
)
TTL
5V
50k
50k
ON/OFF
Vin(_)
100pF
OUTPUT VOLTAGe TRIM (Pin 6):TheTRIMinputpermitsthe
usertoadjusttheoutputvoltageacrossthesenseleadsupor
down according to the trim range specifications.
To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a
resistorbetweenPin6andPin5(SENSE(-)input).Foradesired
decrease of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor
should be
Rtrim-down =
(511)-10.22 (kW)
∆%
where
∆% = Vnominal–Vdesired x100%
Vnominal
To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a
resistorbetweenPin6andPin7(SENSE(+)input).Foradesired
increase of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor
should be
Graphs on Page 3 show the relationship between the trim
resistorvalueandRtrim-upandRtrim-down,showingthetotal
range the output voltage can be trimmed up or down.
Note:theTRIMfeaturedoesnotaffectthevoltageatwhichthe
output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the
output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection
circuit to engage, particularly during transients.
It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim
pin. The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise.
Total DC Variation of VOUT:Fortheconvertertomeetitsfull
specifications, the maximum variation of the dc value of VOUT, due
to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be
greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range.
PROTECTIONFEATURES
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed
to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an
input system instability problem, described in more detail in
the application note titled “Input System Instability” on our
website. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with dc hysteresis.
Whentheinputvoltageisrising,itmustexceedthetypicalTurn-
On Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specifications page)
before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on,
the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage
Threshold value before the converter will turn off.
Output Current Limit: The maximum current limit remains
constant as the output voltage drops. However, once the
impedance of the load across the output is small enough to make
theoutputvoltagedropbelowthespecifiedOutputDCCurrent-
LimitShutdownVoltage,theconverterturnsoff.
Theconverterthenentersa“hiccupmode”whereitrepeatedly
turnsonandoffata5Hz(nominal)frequencywitha5%duty
cycle until the short circuit condition is removed. This prevents
excessive heating of the converter or the load board.
Output Over-Voltage Limit:Ifthevoltageacrosstheoutput
pinsexceedstheOutputOver-VoltageProtectionthreshold,the
converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage
totheloadcircuitdueto1)excessiveseriesresistanceinoutput
current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a
releaseofashort-circuitcondition,or3)areleaseofacurrent
limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high
theoutputvoltagewillriseinresponsetotheseconditions.After
200mstheconverterwillautomaticallyrestart.
Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on
the converter senses the average temperature of the module.
The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter
off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the
Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter
to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location
fallsbytheamountoftheOver-TemperatureShutdownRestart
Hysteresis value.
Rtrim-up
(kW)
where
Vout=NominalOutputVoltage
511 _
10.22
5.11VOUTx (100+%)
1.225
%
%
)
=
(
_
APPLICATIONCONSIDERATIONS
Input System Instability: This condition can occur because
any dc-dc converter appears incrementally as a negative
resistance load. A detailed application note titled “Input
SystemInstability”isavailableontheSynQorwebsite which
provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and
shows the preferred solution for correcting it.
Application Circuits: Figure D provides a typicalcircuit
diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trimming.
Input Filtering and external Capacitance: FigureE provides
a diagram showing the internal input filter components. This filter
dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which otherwise
could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic input capacitor.
The recommended external input capacitance is specified in the
Input Characteristics section on the Electrical Characteristics
page.More detailed information is available in the application
note titled “EMICharacteristics”ontheSynQorwebsite.
Startup Inhibit Period:TheStartupInhibitPeriodensuresthat
theconverterwillremainoffforapproximately200mswhenitis
shutdownforanyreason.Whenanoutputshortispresent,this
generates a 5 Hz “hiccup mode,” which prevents the converter
from overheating. In all, there are seven ways that the converter
canbeshutdown,initiatingaStartupInhibitPeriod:
• InputUnder-VoltageLockout
• InputOver-VoltageShutdown
• OutputOver-VoltageProtection
• OverTemperatureShutdown
• CurrentLimit
• ShortCircuitProtection
• TurnedoffbytheON/OFFinput
FigureFshowsthreeturn-onscenarios,whereaStartupInhibit
Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2:
Vin
External
Input
Filter
Trim
Vin(+)
Iload
Cload
L
Vout(+)
Rtrim-up
or
Rtrim-down
Vsense(+)
ON/OFF
Vin(_)
Vin(+)
Vin(_)
Vout(_)
Vsense(_)
Electrolytic
Capacitor
Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled).
Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on the specifications page).
C
Beforetimet0,whentheinputvoltageisbelowtheUVLthreshold,
theunitisdisabledbytheInputUnder-VoltageLockoutfeature.
When the input voltage rises above the UVLthreshold, the
InputUnder-VoltageLockoutisreleased,andaStartupInhibit
Periodisinitiated.Attheendofthisdelay,theON/OFFpinis
evaluated, and since it is active, the unit turns on.
Attimet1,theunitisdisabledbytheON/OFFpin,anditcannot
beenabledagainuntiltheStartupInhibitPeriodhaselapsed.
When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit
Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the typical
Turn-OnTime.
Thermal Considerations: The maximum operating base-
plate temperature, TB,is100ºC.Aslongastheuser’sthermal
system keeps TB < 100 ºC, the converter can deliver its full
rated power.
Apowerderatingcurvecanbecalculatedforanyheatsinkthatis
attached to the base-plate of the converter. It is only necessary
todeterminethethermalresistance,RTHBA, of the chosen heatsink
between the base-plate and the ambient air for a given airflow
rate. This information is usually available from the heatsink
vendor. The following formula can the be used to determine the
maximum power the converter can dissipate for a given thermal
conditionifitsbase-plateistobenohigherthan100ºC.
P
max = 100 ºC-TA
diss
RTHBA
Thisvalueofpowerdissipationcanthenbeusedinconjunction
withthedatashowninFigure2todeterminethemaximumload
current(andpower)thattheconvertercandeliverinthegiven
thermal condition.
Forconvenience,Figures3and4providePowerderatingcurves
for an encased converter without a heatsink and with a typical
1/4"highheatsink.
Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale)
Under-Voltage
LockoutTurn-
OnThreshold
ON/OFF
(neglogic)
Vout
Vin
200ms
200ms
200ms
(typical start-up
inhibitperiod)
t0
t1
t2
t
9ms (typical
turnontime)
ON
ON
ON
OFF
OFF


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