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AT91R40807 Datasheet(PDF) 5 Page - ATMEL Corporation |
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AT91R40807 Datasheet(HTML) 5 Page - ATMEL Corporation |
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5 / 153 page  5 AT91X40 Series 1354D–ATARM–08/02 Architectural Overview The AT91X40 Series Microcontrollers integrate an ARM7TDMI with its embedded ICE interface, memories and peripherals. The series’ architecture consists of two main buses, the Advanced System Bus (ASB) and the Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB). Designed for maximum performance and controlled by the memory controller, the ASB interfaces the ARM7TDMI processor with the on-chip 32-bit memories, the External Bus Interface (EBI) and the AMBA ™ Bridge. The AMBA Bridge drives the APB, which is designed for accesses to on-chip peripherals and optimized for low-power consumption. The AT91X40 Series Microcontrollers implement the ICE port of the ARM7TDMI proces- sor on dedicated pins, offering a complete, low-cost and easy-to-use debug solution for target debugging. Memories The AT91X40 Series Microcontrollers embed up to 256K bytes of internal SRAM, and up to 128K bytes of ROM. The internal memories are directly connected to the 32-bit data bus and are single-cycle accessible. This provides maximum performance of 0.9 MIPS/MHz by using the ARM instruction set of the processor, minimizing system power consumption and improving the performance of separate memory solutions. The AT91X40 Series Microcontrollers feature an External Bus Interface (EBI), which enables connection of external memories and application-specific peripherals. The EBI supports 8- or 16-bit devices and can use two 8-bit devices to emulate a single 16-bit device. The EBI implements the early read protocol, enabling faster memory accesses than standard memory interfaces. Peripherals The AT91X40 Series Microcontrollers integrate several peripherals, which are classified as system or user peripherals. All on-chip peripherals are 32-bit accessible by the AMBA Bridge, and can be programmed with a minimum number of instructions. The peripheral register set is composed of control, mode, data, status and enable/dis- able/status registers. An on-chip Peripheral Data Controller (PDC) transfers data between the on-chip USARTs and on- and off-chip memories address space without processor intervention. Most importantly, the PDC removes the processor interrupt handling overhead, making it possible to transfer up to 64K continuous bytes without reprogramming the start address, thus increasing the performance of the microcontroller, and reducing the power consumption. System Peripherals The External Bus Interface (EBI) controls the external memory or devices via an 8-bit or 16-bit data bus, and is programmed through the Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB). Each chip select line has its own programming register. The Power Saving (PS) module implements the Idle Mode (ARM7TDMI core clock stopped until the next interrupt) and enables the user to adapt the power consumption of the microcontroller to application requirements (independent peripheral clock control). The Advanced Interrupt Controller (AIC) controls the internal sources from the internal peripherals and the four external interrupt lines (including the FIQ) to provide an inter- rupt and/or fast interrupt request to the ARM7TDMI. It integrates an 8-level priority controller, and, using the Auto-vectoring feature, reduces the interrupt latency time. The Parallel Input/Output Controller (PIO) controls up to 32 I/O lines. It enables the user to select specific pins for on-chip peripheral input/output functions, and general-purpose input/output signal pins. The PIO controller can be programmed to detect an interrupt on a signal change from each line. |
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