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ML4824CP-1 Datasheet(PDF) 10 Page - Fairchild Semiconductor |
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ML4824CP-1 Datasheet(HTML) 10 Page - Fairchild Semiconductor |
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10 / 16 page  ML4824 10 REV. 1.01 12/7/2000 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Continued) No voltage error amplifier is included in the PWM stage of the ML4824, as this function is generally performed on the output side of the PWM’s isolation boundary. To facilitate the design of optocoupler feedback circuitry, an offset has been built into the PWM’s RAMP 2 input which allows VDC to command a zero percent duty cycle for input voltages below 1.25V. PWM Current Limit The DC ILIMIT pin is a direct input to the cycle-by-cycle current limiter for the PWM section. Should the input voltage at this pin ever exceed 1V, the output of the PWM will be disabled until the output flip-flop is reset by the clock pulse at the start of the next PWM power cycle. VIN OK Comparator The VIN OK comparator monitors the DC output of the PFC and inhibits the PWM if this voltage on VFB is less than its nominal 2.5V. Once this voltage reaches 2.5V, which corresponds to the PFC output capacitor being charged to its rated boost voltage, the soft-start begins. PWM Control (RAMP 2) When the PWM section is used in current mode, RAMP 2 is generally used as the sampling point for a voltage representing the current in the primary of the PWM’s output transformer, derived either by a current sensing resistor or a current transformer. In voltage mode, it is the input for a ramp voltage generated by a second set of timing components (RRAMP2, CRAMP2), which will have a minimum value of zero volts and should have a peak value of approximately 5V. In voltage mode operation, feedforward from the PFC output buss is an excellent way to derive the timing ramp for the PWM stage. Soft Start Start-up of the PWM is controlled by the selection of the external capacitor at SS. A current source of 50µA supplies the charging current for the capacitor, and start-up of the PWM begins at 1.25V. Start-up delay can be programmed by the following equation: Ct A V SS DELAY =× 50 125 µ . (6) where CSS is the required soft start capacitance, and tDELAY is the desired start-up delay. It is important that the time constant of the PWM soft-start allow the PFC time to generate sufficient output power for the PWM section. The PWM start-up delay should be at least 5ms. Solving for the minimum value of CSS: Cms A V nF SS =× = 5 50 125 200 µ . Caution should be exercised when using this minimum soft start capacitance value because premature charging of the SS capacitor and activation of the PWM section can result if VFB is in the hysteresis band of the VIN OK comparator at start-up. The magnitude of VFB at start-up is related both to line voltage and nominal PFC output voltage. Typically, a 1.0 µF soft start capacitor will allow time for VFB and PFC out to reach their nominal values prior to activation of the PWM section at line voltages between 90Vrms and 265Vrms. Generating VCC The ML4824 is a current-fed part. It has an internal shunt voltage regulator, which is designed to regulate the voltage internal to the part at 13.5V. This allows a low power dissipation while at the same time delivering 10V of gate drive at the PWM OUT and PFC OUT outputs. It is important to limit the current through the part to avoid overheating or destroying it. This can be easily done with a single resistor in series with the Vcc pin, returned to a bias supply of typically 18V to 20V. The resistor’s value must be chosen to meet the operating current requirement of the ML4824 itself (19mA max) plus the current required by the two gate driver outputs. EXAMPLE: With a VBIAS of 20V, a VCC limit of 14.6V (max) and the ML4824 driving a total gate charge of 110nC at 100kHz (e.g., 1 IRF840 MOSFET and 2 IRF830 MOSFETs), the gate driver current required is: IkHz nC mA GATEDRIVE =× = 100 100 11 (7) R VV mA mA BIAS = − + = 20 14 6 19 11 180 . Ω (8) To check the maximum dissipation in the ML4824, find the current at the minimum VCC (12.4V): I VV mA CC = − = 20 12 4 180 42 2 . . Ω (9) The maximum allowable ICC is 55mA, so this is an acceptable design. The ML4824 should be locally bypassed with a 10nF and a 1 µF ceramic capacitor. In most applications, an electrolytic capacitor of between 100 µF and 330µF is also required across the part, both for filtering and as part of the start-up bootstrap circuitry. |
Similar Part No. - ML4824CP-1 |
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Similar Description - ML4824CP-1 |
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