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ATmega165A/PA/325A/PA/3250A/PA/645A/P/6450A/P [SUMMARY]

8285ES–AVR–02/2013

2.

Overview

The Atmel ATmega165A/165PA/325A/325PA/3250A/3250PA/645A/645P/6450A/6450P is a low-power CMOS 8-bit micro-

controller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, this

microcontroller achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power con-

sumption versus processing speed.

2.1

Block diagram

Figure 2-1.

Block diagram.

The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are

directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one

single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving

throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers.

PROGRAM

COUNTER

INTERNAL

OSCILLATOR

WATCHDOG

TIMER

STACK

POINTER

PROGRAM

FLASH

MCU CONTROL

REGISTER

SRAM

GENERAL

PURPOSE

REGISTERS

INSTRUCTION

REGISTER

TIMER/

COUNTERS

INSTRUCTION

DECODER

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTB

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTE

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTA

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTD

DATA REGISTER

PORTB

DATA REGISTER

PORTE

DATA REGISTER

PORTA

DATA REGISTER

PORTD

TIMING AND

CONTROL

OSCILLATOR

INTERRUPT

UNIT

EEPROM

SPI

USART

STATUS

REGISTER

Z

Y

X

ALU

PORTB DRIVERS

PORTE DRIVERS

PORTA DRIVERS

PORTF DRIVERS

PORTD DRIVERS

PORTC DRIVERS

PB0 - PB7

PE0 - PE7

PA0 - PA7

PF0 - PF7

VCC

GND

CONTROL

LINES

PC0 - PC7

8-BIT DATA BUS

CALIB. OSC

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTC

DATA REGISTER

PORTC

ON-CHIP DEBUG

JTAG TAP

PROGRAMMING

LOGIC

BOUNDARY-

SCAN

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTF

DATA REGISTER

PORTF

ADC

PD0 - PD7

DATA DIR.

REG. PORTG

DATA REG.

PORTG

PORTG DRIVERS

PG0 - PG4

AGND

AREF

AVCC

UNIVERSAL

SERIAL INTERFACE

AVR CPU