AK1590 datasheet(11/36 Pages) AKM

Part #	AK1590

Description	1GHz Delta-Sigma Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizer

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Manufacturer	AKM [Asahi Kasei Microsystems]

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[AK1590]

MS1478-E-01

11

2013/2

8. Block Functional Descriptions

1. Frequency Setup

AK1590 is a Fractional-N type synthesizer that takes 2

18 as the denominator, which calculates the integer and numerator

to be set using the following formulas:

Frequency setting = FPFD × (Integer + Numerator / 2

18)

Integer = ROUND (Target Frequency / FPFD)

Numerator = ROUND {(Target Frequency

– Integer × FPFD) / (FPFD / 2

18)}

Note)

ROUND: Rounded off to the nearest integer

FPFD : Phase Frequency Detector comparative Frequency (= [REFIN] input frequency / R divider ratio)



Calculation examples

Example 1)

The numerator is positive; when the target frequency is 950.0375MHz and FPFD is 1MHz.

Integer = 950.0375MHz / 1MHz = 950.0375

It is rounded off to 950 (decimal) = 3B6 (hexadecimal) = 0011 1011 0110 (binary)

Numerator = (950.0375MHz - 950 × 1MHz) / (1MHz / 2

18) = 9830.4

It is rounded off to 9830 (decimal) = 2666 (hexadecimal) = 10 0110 0110 0110 (binary)

Frequency setting =1MHz × (950 + 9830 / 2

18) = 950.0374985MHz

(In this case the frequency error is 1.5Hz.)

Example 2)

The numerator is negative; when the target frequency is 950.550MHz and FPFD is 1MHz.

Integer = 950.550MHz / 1MHz = 950.550

It is rounded off to 951 (decimal) = 3B7 (hexadecimal) = 0011 1011 0111 (binary)

Numerator = (950.550MHz - 951 × 1MHz) / (1MHz / 2

18) = -117964.8

It is rounded off to -117965 (decimal), which is reduced from 2

18 to be converted into

binary for 2's complementary expression.

2

18 - 117965 (decimal) = 144179 (decimal) = 23333 (hexadecimal) = 10 0011 0011 0011

0011 (binary)

Frequency setting =1MHz × (951 + (-117965/2

18)) = 950.5499992MHz

(In this case the frequency error is 0.8Hz.)



Calculation of

2’s complement representation

1)

Positive number:

Binary expression (Unmanipulated)

exp. 100 (decimal)

64 (hexadecimal) = 110 0100 (binary)

2)

Negative number:

2

18 minus this number in binary expression

exp.

–100 (decimal)

2

18 - 100 = 262044 (decimal) = 3FF9C (hexadecimal) = 11 1111 1111 1001 1100 (binary)

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