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AN2644 Datasheet(PDF) 5 Page - STMicroelectronics |
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AN2644 Datasheet(HTML) 5 Page - STMicroelectronics |
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5 / 64 page  AN2644 Classification of resonant converters 5/64 1 Classification of resonant converters Resonant conversion is a topic that is at least thirty years old and where much effort has been spent in research in universities and industry because of its attractive features: smooth waveforms, high efficiency and high power density. Yet the use of this technique in off-line powered equipment has been confined for a long time to niche applications: high-voltage power supplies or audio systems, to name a few. Quite recently, emerging applications such as flat panel TVs on one hand, and the introduction of new regulations, both voluntary and mandatory, concerning an efficient use of energy on the other hand, are pushing power designers to find more and more efficient AC-DC conversion systems. This has revamped and broadened the interest in resonant conversion. Generally speaking, resonant converters are switching converters that include a tank circuit actively participating in determining input-to-output power flow. The family of resonant converters is extremely vast and it is not an easy task to provide a comprehensive picture. To help find one's way, it is possible to refer to a property shared by most, if not all, of the members of the family. They are based on a "resonant inverter", i.e. a system that converts a DC voltage into a sinusoidal voltage (more generally, into a low harmonic content ac voltage), and provides ac power to a load. To do so, a switch network typically produces a square-wave voltage that is applied to a resonant tank tuned to the fundamental component of the square wave. In this way, the tank will respond primarily to this component and negligibly to the higher order harmonics, so that its voltage and/or current, as well as those of the load, will be essentially sinusoidal or piecewise sinusoidal. As shown in Figure 2, a resonant DC-DC converter able to provide DC power to a load can be obtained by rectifying and filtering the ac output of a resonant inverter. Figure 2. General block diagram of a resonant inverter, the core of resonant converters Different types of DC-AC inverters can be built, depending on the type of switch network and on the characteristics of the resonant tank, i.e. the number of its reactive elements and their configuration [1]. As to switch networks, we will limit our attention to those that drive the resonant tank symmetrically in both voltage and time, and act as a voltage source, namely the half-bridge and the full-bridge switch networks. Borrowing the terminology from power amplifiers, Resonant tank circuit Switch network Vin dc Vout ac Resonant Inverter Resonant tank circuit Switch network Vin dc Vout dc Rectifier Low-pass filter Resonant Converter Resonant Inverter Resonant tank circuit Switch network Vin dc Vout ac Resonant Inverter Resonant tank circuit Switch network Vin dc Vout ac Resonant tank circuit Switch network Vin dc Vout ac Resonant Inverter Resonant tank circuit Switch network Vin dc Vout dc Rectifier Low-pass filter Resonant Converter Resonant Inverter Resonant tank circuit Switch network Vin dc Vout dc Rectifier Low-pass filter Resonant tank circuit Switch network Vin dc Vout dc Rectifier Low-pass filter Resonant Converter Resonant Inverter |
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