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MAX4242EUA Datasheet(PDF) 10 Page - Maxim Integrated Products |
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MAX4242EUA Datasheet(HTML) 10 Page - Maxim Integrated Products |
10 / 16 page Single/Dual/Quad, +1.8V/10µA, SOT23, Beyond-the-Rails Op Amps 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________Detailed Description Beyond-the-Rails Input Stage The MAX4240–MAX4244 have Beyond-the-Rails™ inputs and Rail-to-Rail® output stages that are specifically designed for low-voltage, single-supply operation. The input stage consists of separate NPN and PNP differen- tial stages, which operate together to provide a com- mon-mode range extending to 200mV beyond both supply rails. The crossover region of these two pairs occurs halfway between VCC and VEE. The input offset voltage is typically 200µV. Low operating supply voltage, low supply current, beyond-the-rails common-mode input range, and rail-to-rail outputs make this family of operational amplifiers an excellent choice for precision or general-purpose, low-voltage battery-powered systems. Since the input stage consists of NPN and PNP pairs, the input bias current changes polarity as the common- mode voltage passes through the crossover region. Match the effective impedance seen by each input to reduce the offset error caused by input bias currents flowing through external source impedances (Figures 1a and 1b). The combination of high source impedance plus input capacitance (amplifier input capacitance plus stray capacitance) creates a parasitic pole that produces an underdamped signal response. Reducing input capacitance or placing a small capacitor across the feedback resistor improves response in this case. The MAX4240–MAX4244 family’s inputs are protected from large differential input voltages by internal 2.2k Ω series resistors and back-to-back triple-diode stacks across the inputs (Figure 2). For differential input volt- ages (much less than 1.8V), input resistance is typically 45M Ω. For differential input voltages greater than 1.8V, input resistance is around 4.4k Ω, and the input bias current can be approximated by the following equation: IBIAS = (VDIFF - 1.8V) / 4.4k Ω R3 VIN R3 = R1 R2 R1 R2 MAX4240 MAX4241 MAX4242 MAX4243 MAX4244 Figure 1a. Minimizing Offset Error Due to Input Bias Current (Noninverting) R3 R3 = R1 R2 R1 R2 MAX4240 MAX4241 MAX4242 MAX4243 MAX4244 VIN Figure 1b. Minimizing Offset Error Due to Input Bias Current (Inverting) 2.2k 2.2k IN- IN+ Figure 2. Input Protection Circuit |
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