2002 Nov 12

10

Philips Semiconductors

Preliminary specification

Single 2-input NAND gate

74AUC1G00

SOLDERING

Introduction to soldering surface mount packages

This text gives a very brief insight to a complex

technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can

be found in our

“Data Handbook IC26; Integrated Circuit

Packages” (document order number 9398 652 90011).

There is no soldering method that is ideal for all surface

mount IC packages. Wave soldering can still be used for

certain surface mount ICs, but it is not suitable for fine

pitch SMDs. In these situations reflow soldering is

recommended.

Reflow soldering

Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of

fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied

to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling

or pressure-syringe dispensing before package

placement.

Several methods exist for reflowing; for example,

convection or convection/infrared heating in a conveyor

type oven. Throughput times (preheating, soldering and

cooling) vary between 100 and 200 seconds depending

on heating method.

Typical reflow peak temperatures range from

215 to 250

°C. The top-surface temperature of the

packages should preferable be kept below 220

°C for

thick/large packages, and below 235

°C for small/thin

packages.

Wave soldering

Conventional single wave soldering is not recommended

for surface mount devices (SMDs) or printed-circuit

boards with a high component density, as solder bridging

and non-wetting can present major problems.

To overcome these problems the double-wave soldering

method was specifically developed.

If wave soldering is used the following conditions must be

observed for optimal results:

• Use a double-wave soldering method comprising a

turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by

a smooth laminar wave.

• For packages with leads on two sides and a pitch (e):

– larger than or equal to 1.27 mm, the footprint

longitudinal axis is preferred to be parallel to the

transport direction of the printed-circuit board;

– smaller than 1.27 mm, the footprint longitudinal axis

must be parallel to the transport direction of the

printed-circuit board.

The footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the

downstream end.

• For packages with leads on four sides, the footprint

must be placed at a 45

° angle to the transport direction

of the printed-circuit board. The footprint must

incorporate solder thieves downstream and at the side

corners.

During placement and before soldering, the package

must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive

can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe

dispensing. The package can be soldered after the

adhesive is cured.

Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250

°C.

A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal

of corrosive residues in most applications.

Manual soldering

Fix the component by first soldering two

diagonally-opposite end leads. Use a low voltage (24 V or

less) soldering iron applied to the flat part of the lead.

Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to

300

°C.

When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be

soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between

270 and 320

°C.