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HCS473PROM Datasheet(PDF) 5 Page - Microchip Technology

Part # HCS473PROM
Description  Code Hopping Encoder and Transponder
Download  68 Pages
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Manufacturer  MICROCHIP [Microchip Technology]
Direct Link  http://www.microchip.com
Logo MICROCHIP - Microchip Technology

HCS473PROM Datasheet(HTML) 5 Page - Microchip Technology

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 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS40035C-page 3
HCS473
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The HCS473 combines the patented K
EELOQ code
hopping technology and bi-directional transponder
challenge-and-response security into a single chip
solution for logical and physical access control.
The three-input transponder interface allows the com-
bination of three orthogonal transponder antennas,
eliminating the directionality associated with traditional
single antenna transponder systems.
When used as a code hopping encoder, the HCS473 is
well suited to keyless entry systems; vehicle and
garage door access in particular. The same HCS473
can also be used as a secure bi-directional transponder
for contactless authentication. These capabilities make
the HCS473 ideal for combined secure access control
and identification applications, dramatically reducing
the cost of hybrid transmitter/transponder solutions.
1.1
System Overview
1.1.1
KEY TERMS
The following is a list of key terms used throughout this
data sheet. For additional information on terminology,
please refer to the K
EELOQ introductory Technical Brief
(TB003).
• AGC - Automatic Gain Control.
• Anticollision - A scheme whereby transponders
in the same field can be addressed individually,
preventing simultaneous response to a command
(Section 3.2.1.4).
• Button Status - Indicates what button input(s)
activated the transmission. Encompasses the 4
button status bits S3, S2, S1 and S0 (Figure 3-2).
• Code Hopping - A method by which a code,
viewed externally to the system, appears to
change unpredictably each time it is transmitted
(Section 1.2.3).
• Code word - A block of data that is repeatedly
transmitted upon button activation (Figure 3-2).
• Crypto key - A unique and secret 64-bit number
used to encrypt and decrypt data. In a symmetri-
cal block cipher such as the K
EELOQ algorithm,
the encryption and decryption keys are equal and
will therefore be referred to generally as the
crypto key.
• Decoder - A device that decodes data received
from an encoder.
• Decryption algorithm - A recipe whereby data
scrambled by an encryption algorithm can be
unscrambled using the same crypto key.
• Device Identifier - 16-bit value used to uniquely
select one of multiple transponders for communi-
cation.
• Encoder - A device that generates and encodes
data.
• Encryption Algorithm - A recipe whereby data is
scrambled using a crypto key. The data can only
be interpreted by the respective decryption algo-
rithm using the same crypto key.
• IFF - Identify Friend or Foe, a classic authentica-
tion method (Section 3.2.3.3).
• Learn - Learning involves the receiver calculating
the transmitter’s appropriate crypto key, decrypt-
ing the received hopping code and storing the
serial number, synchronization counter value and
crypto key in EEPROM (Section 5.1). The
K
EELOQ product family facilitates several learning
strategies to be implemented on the decoder. The
following are examples of what can be done.
• Simple Learning
The receiver uses a fixed crypto key, common to
all components of all systems by the same manu-
facturer, to decrypt the received code word’s
encrypted portion.
• Normal Learning
The receiver uses information transmitted during
normal operation to derive the crypto key and
decrypt the received code word’s encrypted por-
tion.
• Secure Learn
The transmitter is activated through a special but-
ton combination to transmit a stored 60-bit seed
value used to derive the transmitter’s crypto key.
The receiver uses this seed value to calculate the
same crypto key and decrypt the received code
word’s encrypted portion.
• LF - Low Frequency. For HCS473 purposes, LF
refers to a typical 125 kHz frequency.
• Manufacturer’s code – A unique and secret 64-
bit number used to generate unique encoder
crypto keys. Each encoder is programmed with a
crypto key that is a function of the manufacturer’s
code. Each decoder is programmed with the man-
ufacturer code itself.
• Proximity Activation - A method whereby an
encoder automatically initiates a transmission in
response to detecting an inductive field
(Section 3.1.1.2).
• PKE - Passive Keyless Entry.
• RKE - Remote Keyless Entry.
• Transmission - A data stream consisting of
repeating code words.
• Transcoder - Device combining unidirectional
transmitter capabilities with bi-directional authenti-
cation capabilities.
• Transponder - A transmitter-receiver activated
for transmission by reception of a predetermined
signal.


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