SAB80C166-M-T3 datasheet(11/52 Pages) SIEMENS

Part #	SAB80C166-M-T3

Description	16-Bit CMOS Single-Chip Microcontroller

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Manufacturer	SIEMENS [Siemens Semiconductor Group]

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SAB 80C166/83C166

Semiconductor Group

10

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The main core of the CPU consists of a 4-stage instruction pipeline, a 16-bit arithmetic and logic unit

(ALU) and dedicated SFRs. Additional hardware has been spent for a separate multiply and divide

unit, a bit-mask generator and a barrel shifter.

Based on these hardware provisions, most of the SAB 80C166’s instructions can be executed in just

one machine cycle which requires 100 ns at 20-MHz CPU clock. For example, shift and rotate

instructions are always processed during one machine cycle independent of the number of bits to

be shifted. All multiple-cycle instructions have been optimized so that they can be executed very fast

as well: branches in 2 cycles, a 16

× 16 bit multiplication in 5 cycles and a 32-/16 bit division in

10 cycles. Another pipeline optimization, the so-called ‘Jump Cache’, allows reducing the execution

time of repeatedly performed jumps in a loop from 2 cycles to 1 cycle.

The CPU disposes of an actual register context consisting of up to 16 wordwide GPRs which are

physically allocated within the on-chip RAM area. A Context Pointer (CP) register determines the

base address of the active register bank to be accessed by the CPU at a time. The number of

register banks is only restricted by the available internal RAM space. For easy parameter passing,

a register bank may overlap others.

Figure 4

CPU Block Diagram

32 KByte in the

SAB 83C166

1 KByte

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