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MAX1645-MAX1645A Datasheet(PDF) 11 Page - Maxim Integrated Products |
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MAX1645-MAX1645A Datasheet(HTML) 11 Page - Maxim Integrated Products |
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11 / 32 page  Advanced Chemistry-Independent, Level 2 Battery Chargers with Input Current Limiting ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 Detailed Description The MAX1645/MAX1645A consist of current-sense amplifiers, an SMBus interface, transconductance amplifiers, reference circuitry, and a DC–DC converter (Figure 2). The DC–DC converter generates the control signals for the external MOSFETs to maintain the volt- age and the current set by the SMBus interface. The MAX1645/MAX1645A feature a voltage-regulation loop and two current-regulation loops. The loops operate independently of each other. The voltage-regulation loop monitors BATT to ensure that its voltage never exceeds the voltage set point (V0). The battery current- regulation loop monitors current delivered to BATT to ensure that it never exceeds the current-limit set point (I0). The battery current-regulation loop is in control as long as BATT voltage is below V0. When BATT voltage reaches V0, the current loop no longer regulates. A third loop reduces the battery-charging current when the sum of the system (the main load) and the battery charger input current exceeds the charging source cur- rent limit. Setting Output Voltage The MAX1645/MAX1645A voltage DACs have a 16mV LSB and an 18.432V full scale. The SMBus specifica- tion allows for a 16-bit ChargingVoltage() command that translates to a 1mV LSB and a 65.535V full-scale voltage; therefore, the ChargingVoltage() value corre- sponds to the output voltage in millivolts. The MAX1645/MAX1645A ignore the first four LSBs and use the next 11 LSBs to control the voltage DAC. All codes greater than or equal to 0b0100 1000 0000 0000 (18432mV) result in a voltage overrange, limiting the charger voltage to 18.432V. All codes below 0b0000 0100 0000 0000 (1024mV) terminate charging. Setting Output Current The MAX1645/MAX1645A current DACs have a 64mA LSB and a 3.008A full scale. The SMBus specification allows for a 16-bit ChargingCurrent() command that translates to a 1mA LSB and a 65.535A full-scale cur- rent; the ChargingCurrent() value corresponds to the charging voltage in milliamps. The MAX1645/ MAX1645A drop the first six LSBs and use the next six LSBs to control the current DAC. All codes above 0b00 1011 1100 0000 (3008mA) result in a current overrange, limiting the charger current to 3.008A. All codes below 0b0000 0000 1000 0000 (128mA) turn the charging current off. A 50m Ω sense resistor (R2 in Figure 1) is required to achieve the correct CODE/cur- rent scaling. Input Current Limiting The MAX1645/MAX1645A limit the current drawn by the charger when the load current becomes high. The devices limit the charging current so the AC adapter voltage is not loaded down. An internal amplifier, CSS, compares the voltage between CSSP and CSSN to the voltage at CLS/20. VCLS is set by a resistor-divider between REF and GND. The input source current is the sum of the device cur- rent, the charge input current, and the load current. The device current is minimal (6mA max) in comparison to the charge and load currents. The charger input cur- rent is generated by the DC-DC converter; therefore, the actual source current required is determined as follows: ISOURCE = ILOAD + [(ICHARGE · VBATT) / (VIN · η)] where η is the efficiency of the DC-DC converter (typi- cally 85% to 95%). VCLS determines the threshold voltage of the CSS com- parator. R3 and R4 (Figure 1) set the voltage at CLS. Sense resistor R1 sets the maximum allowable source current. Calculate the maximum current as follows: IMAX = VCLS / (20 · R1) (Limit VCSSP - VCSSN to between 102.4mV and 204.8mV.) The configuration in Figure 1 provides an input current limit of: IMAX = (2.048V / 20) / 0.04 Ω = 2.56A LDO Regulator An integrated LDO regulator provides a +5.4V supply derived from DCIN, which can deliver up to 15mA of current. The LDO sets the gate-drive level of the NMOS switches in the DC-DC converter. The drivers are actu- ally powered by DLOV and BST, which must be con- nected to LDO through a lowpass filter and a diode as shown in Figure 1. See also the MOSFET Drivers sec- tion. The LDO also supplies the 4.096V reference and most of the control circuitry. Bypass LDO with a 1µF capacitor. VDD Supply This input provides power to the SMBus interface and the thermistor comparators. Typically connect VDD to LDO or, to keep the SMBus interface of the MAX1645/MAX1645A active while the supply to DCIN is removed, connect an external supply to VDD. |
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